Insul N

Actrapid Injection is indicated in-
Treatment of all patients with type 1 diabetes
Treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes who are not adequately controlled by diet and/ or oral hypoglycemic agents
For the initial stabilization of diabetes in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrome and during periods of stress such as severe infections and major surgery in diabetic patients
Treatment of gestational diabetes.

Adverse drug reactions observed in patients using human insulin are mainly dose-dependent and due to the pharmacologic effect of insulin. As for other insulin products, hypoglycaemia, in general is the most frequently undesirable effect. It may occur if the insulin dose is too high in relation to the insulin requirement.
Lipodystrophy may occur at the injection site as a consequence of failure to rotate injection sites within an area.
Symptoms of generalized hypersensitivity may include generalized skin rash, itching, sweating, gastrointestinal upset and angioneurotic oedema, difficulties in breathing, palpitation and reduction in blood pressure. Generalised hypersensitivity reactions are potentially life threatening.
Oedema may occur upon initiation of insulin therapy. These symptoms are usually of transitory nature.

Inadequate dosing or discontinuation of treatment, especially in type 1 diabetes, may lead to hyperglycaemia. In type 1 diabetes, untreated hyperglycaemic events eventually leads to diabetic ketoacidosis which is potentially lethal.
Hypoglycaemia may occur if the insulin dose is too high in relation to the insulin requirement.
Transferring a patient to another type or brand of insulin should be done under strict medical supervision.
Changes in strength, brand (manufacturer), type (rapid acting insulin, dual acting insulin, intermediate and long acting insulin etc.), species (animal, human insulin analogue) and/or method of manufacture (recombinant DNA versus animal source insulin) may result in the need for a change in dosage.
Before travelling between different time zones, the patients should be advised to consult the doctor, since this may mean that the patients have to take insulin and meals at different time.

This is a sterile, clear, colorless solution of Insulin Human. It is a fast-acting insulin and has a relatively short duration of action as compared with other insulins. It may be used in combination with long-acting insulins. The blood glucose lowering effect of insulin is due to the facilitated uptake of glucose following binding of insulin to receptors on muscle and fat cells and to the simultaneous inhibition of glucose output from the liver.
Insulin has a half-life of a few minutes in the blood stream. No profound binding to plasma proteins. An average action profile after subcutaneous injection indicates:
Onset of action- within 30 minutes
Peak plasma levels attained between 1-3 hours
Duration of action- approximately 4-6 hours