Actemra

Actemra is an interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor antagonist indicated for treatment of:
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
: Adult patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis who have had an inadequate response to one or more Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)
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Actemra is an interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor antagonist indicated for treatment of:
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
: Adult patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis who have had an inadequate response to one or more Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)
Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (PJIA
): Patients 2 years of age and older with active polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (SJIA)
: Patients 2 years of age and older with active systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS)
: Adults and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell-induced severe or life-threatening cytokine release syndrome
Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA)
: Adult patients with giant cell arteritis
Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease (SSc-ILD)
: Slowing the rate of decline in pulmonary function in adult patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD)
COVID-19
: Emergency use of Actemra for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 in hospitalized adults and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) who are receiving systemic corticosteroids and require supplemental oxygen, non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)

Interruption of dosing may be needed for management of dose-related laboratory abnormalities including elevated liver enzymes, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
: Tocilizumab may be used as monotherapy or concomitantly with methotrexate or other non-biologic DMARDs as an intravenous infusion.
Recommended Intravenous Dosage Regimen:
The recommended dosage of Tocilizumab for adult patients given as a 60-minute single intravenous drip infusion is 4 mg per kg of body weight every 4 weeks followed by an increase to 8 mg per kg of body weight every 4 weeks based on clinical response.
Reduction of dose from 8 mg per kg of body weight to 4 mg per kg of body weight is recommended for management of certain dose-related laboratory changes including elevated liver enzymes, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia
Doses exceeding 800 mg per infusion are not recommended in RA patients
Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
: Tocilizumab may be used as an intravenous infusion or as a
subcutaneous injection alone or in combination with methotrexate. Do not change dose based solely on a single body weight measurement, as weight may fluctuate.
Recommended Intravenous Dosage Regimen: The recommended dosage of Tocilizumab for PJIA patients given once every 4 weeks as a 60-minute single intravenous drip infusion is:
Patients less than 30 kg weight: 10 mg per kg of body weight
Patients at or above 30 kg weight: 8 mg per kg of body weight
Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
: Tocilizumab may be used as an intravenous infusion or as a subcutaneous injection alone or in combination with methotrexate. Do not change a dose based solely on a single body weight measurement, as weight may fluctuate.
Recommended Intravenous Dosage Regimen: The recommended dose of Tocilizumab for SJIA patients given
once every 2 weeks as a 60-minute single intravenous drip infusion is:
Patients less than 30 kg weight: 12 mg per kg of body weight
Patients at or above 30 kg weight: 8 mg per kg of body weight
Coronavirus Disease 2019
: The recommended dosage of Tocilizumab is a single 60-minute
intravenous infusion as follows:
Patients less than 30 kg weight: 12 mg per kg of body weight
Patients at or above 30 kg weight: 8 mg per kg of body weight
If clinical signs or symptoms worsen or do not improve after the first dose, one additional infusion of Tocilizumab may be administered at least 8 hours after the initial infusion. Maximum dosage in COVID-19 patients is 800 mg per infusion.
Cytokine Release Syndrome
: Use only the intravenous route for treatment of CRS. The recommended dose of Tocilizumab for treatment of CRS given as a 60-minute intravenous infusion is:
Recommended Intravenous CRS Dosage
Patients less than 30 kg weight: 12 mg per kg of body weight Alone or in combination with corticosteroids.
Patients at or above 30 kg weight: 8 mg per kg of body weight Alone or in combination with corticosteroids.
If no clinical improvement in the signs and symptoms of CRS occurs after the first dose, up to 3 additional doses of Tocilizumab may be administered. The interval between consecutive doses should be at least 8 hours. Doses exceeding 800 mg per infusion are not recommended in CRS patients.
Giant Cell Arteritis
:
The recommended dosage of Tocilizumab for adult patients given as a 60-minute single intravenous drip infusion is 6 mg per kg of body weight every 4 weeks in combination with a tapering course of glucocorticoids.
Tocilizumab can be used alone following discontinuation of glucocorticoids
Doses exceeding 600 mg per infusion are not recommended in GCA patients
Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
:
The recommended dose of Tocilizumab for adult patients with SSc-ILD is 162 mg given once every week as a subcutaneous injection.
Intravenous administration is not approved for SSc-ILD
Administration of Intravenous Formulation
:
For adults with RA, GCA, CRS, PJIA and SJIA patients at or above 30 kg, dilute to 100 mL in 0.9% or 0.45% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP for intravenous infusion using aseptic technique
For PJIA, SJIA and CRS patients less than 30 kg, dilute to 50 mL in 0.9% or 0.45% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP for intravenous infusion using aseptic technique
Administer as a single intravenous drip infusion over 1 hour; do not administer as bolus or push.

Most common adverse reactions [incidence of at least 5%): upper respiratory tract infections, nasopharyngitis, headache, hypertension, increased ALT, injection site reactions. Most common adverse reactions in COVID-19 (incidence >3%) are constipation, anxiety, diarrhea, insomnia, hypertension and nausea.

Serious Infections
: Do not administer Actemra during an active infection, including localized infections. If a serious infection develops, interrupt Actemra until the infection is controlled
Tuberculosis
: Evaluate patients for tuberculosis risk factors and test for latent infection prior to initiating Actemra
Gastrointestinal Perforatio
n: Use with caution in patients who may be at increased risk
Hepatotoxicity
: Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of hepatic injury. Modify or discontinue Actemra if abnormal liver tests persist or worsen or if clinical signs and symptoms of liver disease develop
Laboratory Monitoring
: Recommended due to potential consequences of treatment-related changes in neutrophils, platelets, lipids, and liver function tests
Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis and death have occurred
Live Vaccines
: Avoid use with Actemra
Avoid using Actemra with biological DMARDs.
It is recommended that Actemra not be initiated in patients with an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) below 2000 per mm3 , platelet count below 100,000 per mm3 , or who have ALT or AST above 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN)

Tocilizumab is a recombinant humanized anti-human interleukin 6 (IL-6) receptor monoclonal antibody of the
immunoglobulin IgG1K (gamma 1, kappa) subclass. Tocilizumab binds to both soluble and membrane-bound IL-6 receptors, and has been shown to inhibit IL-6-mediated signaling through these receptors. IL-6 is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by a variety of cell types including T-cells and B-cells, lymphocytes, monocytes, and fibroblasts. IL-6 has been shown to be involved in diverse physiological processes such as T-cell activation, induction of immunoglobulin secretion, initiation of hepatic acute phase
protein synthesis, and stimulation of hematopoietic precursor cell proliferation and differentiation. IL-6 is also produced by synovial and endothelial cells leading to local production of IL-6 in joints affected by inflammatory processes such as rheumatoid arthritis.